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VERSAFIBE™ 2470 resistant starch (RS) is an RS type 4 that is derived from high-amylose maize starch,70% total dietary fiber (TDF; AOAC method 2009.01). This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover study to evaluate the postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses of healthy adults (n = 28) after the consumption of a muffin top made with VERSAFIBE™ 2470 RS (11.6 g TDF fiber muffin top) or a...
To investigate the association of exposure to the Chinese famine during early life with metabolic syndrome risk in adults.There were 7,915 participants from Dongfeng-Tongji cohort were included in the present study. Participants were classified as non-exposed group, fetal exposed group, early childhood-, mid childhood-, and late childhood-exposed groups, respectively. Metabolic syndrome was defined...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of tocopherols present in Rosa mosqueta oil (RM) in the prevention of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced alterations.Male C57 BL/6 J mice (n = 9/group) were fed for 12 wk and divided into four groups: control (CD; 10% kcal fat, 20% kcal protein, 70% kcal carbohydrates); HFD (60% as fat, 20% kcal protein, 20% kcal carbohydrates); HFD + RM (0.01 mL/g body...
To gather preliminary data examining whether dehydration and/or exposure to monosodium glutamate (MSG) may influence pain in Meru, Kenya.Two small pilot studies were conducted in Meru, Kenya after community report of high chronic pain in the region. First, a prevalence estimate was conducted among 89 participants from random households. Second, widespread chronic pain participants, recruited from...
To evaluate iodine status among pregnant women from a coastal state after Brazilian governmental resolution reducing iodine concentrations in table salt. Secondarily, we correlated urinary iodine concentration (UIC) with thyroid volume and hormones.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to assess UIC from 629 samples of 244 first trimester pregnant women. Thyroid ultrasound, serum thyroglobulin,...
To analyze the contribution of school meals to healthy food consumption among public school students in Brazil.The data from the National Adolescent School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE), containing 86,660 ninth-grade students, were used. The students were asked about their consumption of school meals and of food in general over the preceeding seven days and on the day before the interview. A multinomial...
The aims of the present manuscript are to analyse self-reported data on weight, including the missing data, from the 2014 Scottish Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study, and to investigate whether behavioural factors related with overweight and obesity, namely dietary habits, physical activity and sedentary behaviour, are associated with weight non-response. Research Methods &...
In recent years, a great number of studies have been directed toward the evaluation of gastrointestinal microbiota modulation through the introduction of beneficial microorganisms, also known as probiotics. Many studies have highlighted how this category of bacteria is very important for the good development, functioning, and maintenance of our immune system. There is a delicate balance between the...
The purposes of this study were to evaluate the correlation between sarcopenia and water intake and investigate lack of daily water intake in the presence of sarcopenia in an elderly population.Data from 3656 participants (1582 men and 2074 women) were analyzed using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Sarcopenia was defined in accordance with the criteria of the Asia Working...
Homocysteine is a modifiable, independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The association between hyperhomocysteinemia and metabolic syndrome with the presence of early carotid artery atherosclerosis remains unknown in middle-aged Chinese adults.Chinese adults (n = 1607) of Han ethnicity, age 35 to 65 y, and living in their communities >2 y were surveyed. Hyperhomocysteinemia was defined...
Isolated whey protein (IWP) can decrease body fat compared with other protein sources. The present study verified the effects of high protein diet (HD) containing IWP on several parameters of rats subjected to resistance training (RT).Thirty-two male Wistar rats (60 days of age) were separated into four groups (n = 8/group): sedentary normoproteic (IWP 14%; SN); sedentary hyperproteic (IWP 35%; SH);...
An educational program was conducted among school-aged children to improve their knowledge about iodine prophylaxis, their iodine status, and their dietary habits.At the baseline (T0) and after 6 mo (T1), participants (970 at T0 and 949 at T1) answered questionnaires testing their knowledge about iodine prophylaxis and their eating habits. Urine samples were collected from a randomly selected subgroup...
The aim of the present study was to examine cerebral oxygenation during high-intensity exercise in elite basketball players who consumed supplements with different whey protein contents after a short postexercise recovery to determine whether changing whey protein content in carbohydrate-based supplementation influences cerebral hemodynamic response when the supplement was consumed during a 2-h recovery...
Our purpose was to investigate whether tube potential in contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) affects body composition analysis.Images from dual-source, dual-energy CT from the abdomen with intravenous contrast media administration were used. A total of 17 patients (11 women, mean age 52) with a mean body mass index of 20.8 kg/cm2 were included. Simultaneously acquired images with a tube voltage...
To investigate the antidepressant and antioxidant effects of omega-3, folic acid and n-acetylcysteine (NAC) in rats which were subjected to early or late life stress.Early stress was induced through maternal deprivation (MD), while late life stress was induced using the chronic mild stress (CMS) protocol. Young rats which were subjected to MD and the adult rats which were subjected to CMS were treated...
Dietary diversity (DD) measures dietary variation in children. Factors at the child, community, and state levels may be associated with poor child nutritional outcomes. However, few studies have examined the role of macro-level factors on child DD. This study seeks to 1) describe the distribution of child DD in India, 2) examine the variation in DD attributable to the child, community and state levels,...
Hemodialysis (HD) with dialysis adequacy could increase the excretion of B vitamins (folate, vitamin B6, and B12) and raise the plasma level of homocysteine. Here we determined the associations of plasma homocysteine with B vitamins in patients with HD adequacy or inadequacy.We recruited 68 patients who had received HD treatments (three times a week, 4 h each). Based on the individual's hemogram and...
The components of a diet can modulate inflammation and may have an effect on the development of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). Little is known about the inflammatory potential of diet in relation to HL.Data from an Italian multicenter case-control study that was conducted between 1992 and 2008 were used to estimate the relation between a dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and the risk of HL. The data included...
Intensive care unit (ICU) enteral nutrition (EN) can involve frequent feeding interruption (FI). The prevalence, causes, and duration of such interruption were investigated.Reasons for EN FI identified from extensive literature review were prospectively collected in adult mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. Results were reported by descriptive statistics. Baseline and nutritional characteristics...
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